Weichai Engine Engine Under Power, Exhaust Thick Black Smoke Diagnosis and Treatment

Weichai Engine underpowered, uneven speed, exhaust pipe exhaust thick black smoke phenomenon has two kinds of: one is continuous exhaust black smoke; the other is intermittent exhaust black smoke, and the engine shaking.

(1) Causes of this situation

Insufficient engine power and continuous exhaust black smoke, is the engine most cylinders or all cylinders are too much oil supply, fuel and air mixing ratio is out of proportion, combustion, serious lack of oxygen, diesel fuel combustion is incomplete, suspended free carbon with the exhaust gas with the formation of the discharge. If the exhaust pipe is intermittent exhaust black smoke, and accompanied by “muttering” sound, indicating that the individual cylinder combustion is incomplete. The reasons are summarized as follows:

① Improper debugging of the injection pump, so that too much fuel supply, incomplete combustion

② Poor injection quality of most injectors.

③ The fuel supply is not correctly timed.

④ The intake valve opening height is reduced and the opening time is delayed, resulting in insufficient air intake.

⑤ The air filter element is too dirty or the air filter is installed incorrectly, making the air not smooth.

⑥ The supercharger's boosting effectiveness is reduced.

⑦ The fuel quality is too poor.

(2) Diagnosis and treatment methods

Diagnosis of such faults, should start from the most obvious fault characteristics, whether continuous or intermittent black smoke, should follow this principle.

① If the engine suddenly black smoke, but run for a period of time after the natural disappearance of the fault, it is mostly due to poor fuel quality, due to impurities in the oil clogging injectors to the poor quality of injection, exhaust black smoke, run for a period of time after the impurities were flushed out of high-pressure oil, this failure does not need to be dealt with.

② If the continuous exhaust black smoke, consider checking whether the air intake is smooth, whether the intake pipe deformation increases the resistance to air intake. First remove the air filter cover, remove the filter element and clean up maintenance and retry the machine, observe whether the exhaust pipe continues to exhaust black smoke. If the smoke is significantly reduced, the air filter is too dirty or installation problems, affecting the air intake, should strengthen the maintenance of the air intake system.

③ If the intake airflow is smooth, you should check whether the fuel supply time is too late, the fuel supply is too late to make the fuel into the cylinder is not fully combusted in time to be discharged and the formation of black smoke.

④Most of the injectors have serious deterioration of the injection quality, poor fuel atomization, can not adapt to the needs of the combustion chamber shape, resulting in the formation of combustible mixture is difficult, part of the fuel is converted into free carbon is discharged. This is also one of the reasons for the black smoke, so the injector should also be checked and repaired.

⑤ Check that the fuel quality is up to standard, and standard diesel fuel that meets the normal operation of this engine in the ambient temperature of the area should be used.

⑥ Check whether the supercharger is working normally. When the supercharger fails, the pressure at the end of the engine intake drops, resulting in the end of the compression temperature and pressure drop, affecting the fuel injection atomization and combustion temperature.

⑦ for uneven speed, intermittent black smoke, engine powerlessness diagnosis can be used cylinder by cylinder oil cut method of inspection. When a cylinder oil cut, the engine speed is significantly reduced, the black smoke is reduced, the noise also disappeared, then the cylinder oil supply is too much, the cylinder should be adjusted to check the injection volume. If the engine speed change is small, the black smoke disappears, then the cylinder injector spray quality is poor, the injector should be checked and repaired. If the engine speed remains unchanged, the cylinder does not work, should check the cylinder's high-pressure oil supply, such as the injection pump plunger vice, the oil valve vice with how the situation, fork in the oil volume adjustment lever on the fixed screw (or ring fastening screws) is loose, plunger spring is broken, and so on. If they are normal, then you should check the work of the injector and the cylinder whether there is a mechanical failure.

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