One of Weichai Engine Parts: Piston Rings

Piston rings are widely used in various power machinery, such as steam engines, diesel engines, gasoline engines, compressors, hydraulic presses, etc., widely used in automobiles, trains, ships, yachts, etc., and are the core components inside fuel engines. Piston rings are metal rings used to be embedded inside the piston groove, and there are two types of piston rings: compression rings and oil rings. The compression ring can be used to seal the combustible gas mixture in the combustion chamber and prevent the combustion gas from leaking; The oil ring is used to scrape off excess oil from the cylinder, control the distribution of oil on the cylinder wall, and prevent the oil from entering the combustion chamber.

The working principle of the piston ring is revealed

(1) The working principle of the compression ring

The compression ring is in close contact with the cylinder wall through its elasticity, forming a seal that prevents the leakage of high-pressure combustion gases. The process of its work is as follows:

Compression stroke: The compression ring fits snugly to the cylinder wall to prevent gas leakage.

Power stroke: The compression ring bears high temperature and high pressure and continues to keep it sealed.

Exhaust stroke: The compression ring ensures the smooth discharge of exhaust gases.

(2) The working principle of the oil ring

The oil ring controls the distribution of oil on the cylinder wall through the function of oil scraping and oil distribution. The process of its work is as follows:

Oil scraping: The oil ring scrapes off excess oil from the cylinder wall.

Oil distribution: The oil ring forms a uniform oil film on the cylinder wall, reducing friction.

In the early days, the piston ring was formed by casting, but with the progress of technology, the steel high-power piston ring was born, and with the continuous improvement of the engine function and environmental requirements, various advanced surface treatment technologies were applied to it, so that the function of the piston ring was greatly improved. Severe wear of the piston rings can lead to a decrease in vehicle power and an increase in fuel consumption. The following are the common failures of two piston rings and their solutions.

(1) Piston ring wear

Piston ring wear can lead to a decrease in engine power and an increase in fuel consumption. There are many factors that affect the wear of piston rings, among which the material and shape of piston rings, the material and structure of cylinder liner pistons, lubrication state, the structural form of the engine, the operating conditions, the quality of fuel and lubricating oil are the main factors. Of course, in the same cylinder, the lubrication state has the greatest influence on the wear of the piston rings, and it can be said that the wear of the piston rings depends to a large extent on the lubrication state. The ideal lubrication between the toroids is that there is a uniform oil film between the two sliding surfaces, but this situation does not exist in fact, especially for the first air ring, which is difficult to establish a more ideal lubrication state due to the influence of high temperatures.

Solution: Select piston rings with good wear resistance and oil storage, check them regularly, and replace them if necessary.

(2) Piston ring stagnation

Piston ring entrapment may cause abnormal engine noise and difficulty starting. Engine piston ring seizure is a complex problem involving multiple factors, including poor lubrication, inadequate combustion, and the effects of high temperatures.

Solution: Clean the cylinder walls and piston rings, use the right oil; Improve lubrication conditions, use high-quality engine oil that meets the requirements of the vehicle, and avoid using low-quality engine oil. Regularly check the oil level to ensure that all parts of the engine are fully lubricated; Optimize the combustion process, use qualified fuel, avoid carbon deposits caused by incomplete combustion, regularly check the air-fuel ratio to ensure that the mixture ratio is appropriate; To prevent damage from high temperatures, regularly check the cooling system to ensure that the water tank, water pump and other components are working properly, avoid long-term high-load operation, and carry out engine rest and cooling in a timely manner.

Weichai Engine Parts is out of order and needs to be repaired and replaced in a timely manner. Keluo Construction Machinery is a trustworthy company that strictly follows European standards, German quality, whether you need weichai engine parts, crankshafts, injectors, cylinder heads, cylinder blocks, cylinder liners, pistons, camshafts, oil pumps, generators, water pumps, air compressors, injectors or fan oil seal gaskets, we have you covered. In addition, the company has established good cooperation with customers all over the world, not only because we have been deeply involved in this industry for more than 20 years and have rich production experience, but also because of our good product quality and after-sales service. If you want to buy related products, we will be your best partner.